50 Fun Facts about Puerto Rico (2023)

Puerto Rico is a Caribbean island and unincorporated territory of the United States located in the northeastern Caribbean Sea. It is a richly diverse culture with strong Spanish and African roots and is a popular tourist destination for its beaches, rainforests, and historical sites.

The capital and largest city are San Juan, and its official languages are Spanish and English. The economy is largely based on tourism, with pharmaceuticals and manufacturing also playing a role. Puerto Rico is known for its vibrant culture, music, and cuisine.

1. Puerto Rico is the Oldest European-Established Settlement in the US

Puerto Rico is the oldest European-established settlement in the US, having been colonized by Spain in the 16th century. The island was ceded to the US in 1898 after the Spanish-American War. It is a self-governing commonwealth of the United States, with its constitution, government, and citizens

2. Puerto Rico is the Smallest Island in the Greater Antilles

Puerto Rico is the smallest and most easterly island of the Greater Antilles, which are a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. It lies about 1,000 miles southeast of the US mainland and is about 100 miles long and 35 miles wide.

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3. Puerto Rico is the only Caribbean Island to Have the United States Postal Service

Puerto Rico is the only Caribbean island to have the United States Postal Service (USPS). This is because Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the United States, and as such, it is subject to the laws and regulations of the USPS.

The USPS handles all postal services within Puerto Rico, including mail delivery, package delivery, and international mail delivery. This means that residents of Puerto Rico have access to the same services and benefits as those of the mainland United States. Additionally, Puerto Ricans can also use USPS services to send mail and packages to other countries. This is a great benefit to Puerto Ricans who may have family or business interests abroad.

4. The Taíno People were the First Natives to Inhabit Puerto Rico

The Taíno people were the first natives to inhabit Puerto Rico. They were a hunter-gatherer society that lived in small villages and subsisted primarily on root crops, fish, and games. The Taíno were skilled navigators and traders and had an extensive trading network throughout the Caribbean and Central America.

They also had a complex social and religious structure, with many gods and rituals. Today, the descendants of the Taíno people still live in Puerto Rico and continue to practice their traditions.

5. The Official Languages of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English

The official languages of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English. Spanish is the predominant language, with English being the second language spoken by a minority of the population. Spanish is the language of government, education, and business in Puerto Rico, and is used in the media and everyday life.

English is widely used in many areas, including business and tourism, and is often spoken by people in the service industry. Both languages are recognized in Puerto Rico’s constitution.

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6. The Capital of Puerto Rico is San Juan

San Juan is the capital and most populous city of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States. Located on the island’s north coast, it is the oldest continuously inhabited city in the United States and one of the oldest in the Americas.

San Juan is a major port and tourist destination and is known for its rich history and culture, as well as its vibrant nightlife and beaches.

7. The Traditional Music of Puerto Rico is Called Plena

The traditional music of Puerto Rico is called Plena. It originated from the working-class people of the island and is closely associated with African rhythms and the Afro-Caribbean culture of Puerto Rico.

Plena is a type of music that is typically accompanied by a large group of singers and percussion instruments such as tambourines, drums, and maracas. Plena is often performed at parties, festivals, and other celebratory gatherings.

8. The Official Currency of Puerto Rico is the US Dollar

The US Dollar is the official currency of Puerto Rico. The US Dollar is the currency of the United States and is accepted as legal tender in Puerto Rico. The Puerto Rican government has issued its coins and paper money, but these are largely used for commemorative purposes and are not accepted in most stores and businesses.

Since Puerto Rico is a US territory, most retailers accept US Dollars as payment. The US Dollar is also used in international transactions and is the de facto currency in the Caribbean region.

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9. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Largest Radio Telescope

The Arecibo Telescope is a 305 m (1000 ft) diameter radio telescope located in the municipality of Arecibo in Puerto Rico. Built in the 1960s, the telescope is the largest single-aperture telescope in the world and has made numerous discoveries, including the first binary pulsar, the first extrasolar planets, and the first detections of organic molecules in space.

10. Puerto Rico is the Most Densely Populated Island in the Caribbean

Puerto Rico is the most densely populated island in the Caribbean, with a population of 3.2 million inhabitants. In addition to its high population density, Puerto Rico also boasts a wide variety of cultures and a vibrant history.

It is known for its tropical climate and stunning beaches, as well as its unique music, dance, and cuisine. Puerto Rico also has an array of natural resources, including rainforests and coral reefs.

11. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Largest Carnival

The San Sebastian Festival is the world’s largest carnival and is held every year in Puerto Rico. It is an incredible celebration of life, music, and culture that attracts people from all over the world. The festival is held in honor of the patron saint of Puerto Rico, San Sebastian.

It features colorful parades and vibrant costumes that represent the island’s diverse heritage. There is also live music and dancing in the streets, as well as food vendors offering traditional Puerto Rican cuisine. The festival is a great way to experience the culture and history of the island and to join in the celebration.

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12. The First European to Reach Puerto Rico

Christopher Columbus was the first European to arrive in Puerto Rico in 1493, during his second voyage to the New World. He named the island San Juan Bautista, after John the Baptist. On his third voyage, in 1498, Columbus named the island “Puerto Rico,” which translates to “rich port.”

Columbus and his crew explored the islands, establishing friendly relations with the native Taíno people and trading European goods for gold and other items. This initial contact between Europeans and the native Taíno population initiated a long history of European influence in Puerto Rico.

13. The Island of Puerto Rico is Divided into 78 Municipalities

Puerto Rico is divided into 78 municipalities, also known as municipios. These municipalities are the primary administrative divisions of Puerto Rico and are responsible for providing local services such as police, fire protection, public education, health care, and transportation.

Each municipio is headed by a mayor, who is elected by the citizens of the municipality. The municipalities are further divided into barrios, which are small neighbourhoods or communities within a municipality.

14. Puerto Rico has Over 270 Miles of Coastline

Puerto Rico has over 270 miles of coastline, which makes it a great destination for beachgoers. The coastline is dotted with coves, bays, beaches, and lagoons, giving visitors plenty of options for swimming, snorkeling, kayaking, and other water activities.

The beaches are also known for their stunning views of the Caribbean Sea and the surrounding islands. Puerto Rico’s coastline is a major tourist attraction and provides a great opportunity for those looking to relax and explore.

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15. Puerto Rico has Two International Airports

Puerto Rico has two international airports, Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in San Juan and Rafael Hernández International Airport in Aguadilla. Both airports are served by several international airlines, including Delta, JetBlue, American, United, Copa, and Lufthansa, providing connections to destinations around the world.

Both airports offer a wide range of services and amenities, such as duty-free shops, lounges, and restaurants. Additionally, Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport is classified as a major port of entry by the US Customs and Border Protection.

16. Puerto Rico is the Home of the World’s Longest Underwater Cave System

Puerto Rico is home to the world’s longest underwater cave system, known as the Río Camuy Cave System. This cave system is comprised of 23 underwater caves, with depths ranging from 10 to 300 feet. The caves are part of the Camuy River Basin, a protected area in the northern karst region of Puerto Rico.

The caves offer an incredible range of geological formations, such as stalactites, stalagmites, columns, and curtains. Visitors can explore the caves on guided tours, and even take part in snorkeling and scuba diving activities. The Río Camuy Cave System is a unique and beautiful destination that offers a unique experience.

17. The Official Bird of Puerto Rico is the Puerto Rican parrot

The Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata) is the official bird of Puerto Rico and is one of the most endangered species of parrots in the world. This endangered species is endemic to the island of Puerto Rico and is the only species of parrot that is native to the Caribbean.

The Puerto Rican parrot is an important symbol of the island’s natural heritage and is currently protected by the US Endangered Species Act.

18. The Official Flower of Puerto Rico is the Flor de Maga

The Flor de Maga, or the Maga Flower, is the official flower of Puerto Rico. It is a small yellow flower with five petals, which is the national symbol of the country. The flower is deeply connected to the culture of Puerto Rico, and it represents its beauty and strength.

The flower is often used to decorate the flag of the island nation, and it is also used in festivals and celebrations. Its importance to Puerto Rico is so great that it has been declared the national flower in 1994.

19. The National Dish of Puerto Rico is Arroz con Gandules

Arroz con gandules is the national dish of Puerto Rico. It is a traditional dish made with yellow rice, pigeon peas (gandules), pork, and salsa criolla. The dish is usually served with a side of plantains and salad. Arroz con gandules is usually served on special occasions, such as birthdays, holidays, and weddings.

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20. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Largest Natural Bioluminescent Bay

Puerto Rico is home to the world’s largest natural bioluminescent bay, located in the islands’ Mosquito Bay. This incredible bay glows with millions of tiny dinoflagellates, creating a beautiful blue-green light show that can be seen from the shore.

Every night, the bay lights up with a captivating spectacle that is unlike anything else on the planet. The bay is an important part of Puerto Rico’s ecology and provides a great source of tourism. It is also popular among scientists, who study the unique organisms that live there.

21. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Second-Largest Telescope

Puerto Rico is home to the world’s second-largest telescope, the Arecibo Observatory. The observatory is a research facility operated by the University of Central Florida, in partnership with Yang Enterprises, Inc., and Universidad Metropolitana.

The Arecibo Observatory is a powerful tool for exploring the universe and is used to study radio waves from distant stars, galaxies, and other cosmic objects. The telescope is also used by meteorologists to monitor the atmosphere and track storms on Earth.

22. Puerto Rico is the Birthplace of Salsa Music

Puerto Rico is the birthplace of salsa music, a vibrant Latin genre that combines Afro-Cuban rhythms with jazz and other styles. It is a fast-paced, energetic style of music, characterized by syncopated rhythms and improvisation.

Many of the legendary salsa singers, such as Celia Cruz, Willie Colón, and Héctor Lavoe, come from Puerto Rico. The genre has been popular in Puerto Rico since the 1950s, and salsa clubs can be found all over the island today.

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23. Puerto Rico is Located in the Caribbean Sea, Just East of the Dominican Republic

Puerto Rico is an archipelago located in the Caribbean Sea, just east of the Dominican Republic. It is made up of the main island of Puerto Rico and several smaller islands, including Vieques, Culebra, and Mona.

Puerto Rico is a self-governing commonwealth of the United States, with its constitution and government. It is known for its tropical beaches and vibrant culture, with influences from both Spain and the United States. It is home to several national parks, making it popular with tourists and outdoor enthusiasts alike

24. Puerto Rico is Home to El Yunque National Forest

El Yunque National Forest is located in Puerto Rico and is the only tropical rainforest in the United States National Forest System. It is home to lush green foliage, spectacular waterfalls, and an abundance of wildlife.

It is also the site of many archaeological sites and is home to the endangered Puerto Rican parrot. El Yunque is a great place to explore the outdoors, take in breathtaking views, and experience the unique culture and history of Puerto Rico.

25. The Official Tree of Puerto Rico is the Ceiba Tree

The ceiba tree is the official tree of Puerto Rico. It is native to the Caribbean region and is highly symbolic of the island’s culture. The ceiba is a large, fast-growing tree and can reach heights of up to 150 feet, with a trunk circumference of 25 feet. Its yellow-white blossoms are fragrant and its fruits are large, yellow, and filled with a white, cotton-like substance.

The ceiba tree is often seen as a symbol of strength, resilience, and protection, and it is believed to be the dwelling place of the gods. It is also an important source of shade, which is essential in the tropical climate of Puerto Rico.

26. Culebra and Vieques are Two Small Islands Off the Coast of Puerto Rico

Culebra and Vieques are two small islands located off the coast of Puerto Rico. Culebra is known for its beautiful beaches, such as Flamenco Beach and Tamarindo Beach. It is also home to the Culebra National Wildlife Refuge, which protects a variety of wildlife, including the endangered leatherback turtle.

Vieques is known for its stunning bioluminescent bay, which is home to a variety of glowing microorganisms. It is also home to the Vieques National Wildlife Refuge, which is home to a variety of wildlife, including the endangered green sea turtle. Both islands are popular spots for snorkeling and diving as they are surrounded by breathtaking coral reefs.

27. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Largest Single-Dish Radio Telescope

Puerto Rico is home to the world’s largest single-dish radio telescope, known as the Arecibo Observatory. This large telescope is used to collect data from outer space, including signals from distant stars and galaxies.

It is one of the most powerful telescopes in the world and its data has been used to discover hundreds of new galaxies, planetary systems, and other astronomical phenomena. The Arecibo Observatory is part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center and is operated by the University of Central Florida.

28. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Second-Longest Underground River System

Puerto Rico is home to the world’s second-longest underground river system, the Camuy River Cave System. It is made up of over 10 miles of underground passages, caves, and waterfalls. The Camuy River is made up of three different rivers, which have been carved out by the water over thousands of years.

This underground river system is home to a variety of wildlife, including bats, fish, and other animals. It is also popular among tourists who come to explore the caves. The Camuy River is a great place to take a river tour, as it offers a unique and breathtaking experience.

29. The Official Sport of Puerto Rico is Baseball

Baseball is the official sport of Puerto Rico, a Caribbean island nation located in the northeastern Caribbean Sea. The sport has a long and storied history in the country and is a source of great pride for many Puerto Ricans.

Baseball was introduced to the island by Cuban immigrants in the early 19th century and was quickly adopted by the locals. Baseball is also a major part of Puerto Rican culture, with many festivals and events dedicated to the sport.

30. The Official Animal of Puerto Rico is the Coquí

The coquí is an iconic species that is endemic to Puerto Rico and is the official animal of the island. The coquí is a small frog that is known for its distinctive call, which is often heard in the evening. Its call is often referred to as the “song of Puerto Rico” and is a symbol of the island’s culture and heritage. The coquí is a protected species and is an important part of the local ecosystem.

31. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Largest Film Studio

Puerto Rico is home to the world’s largest film studio, the Pinewood Dominican Republic Studios. The studios are part of the Pinewood Studios Group and are located in San Juan, Puerto Rico, making them the largest film studio in the Caribbean. The facilities offer a wide range of services for both motion pictures and television production, including soundstages, digital and post-production, and casting services

32. The Puerto Rican Flag

The Puerto Rican flag is composed of a blue triangle, a white star, and five horizontal stripes of red and white. The blue triangle represents the three branches of the government (executive, legislative and judicial). The white star in the middle symbolizes Puerto Rico and its people, while the red stripes represent the bloodshed in the struggle for independence.

The white stripes represent the victory of the people of Puerto Rico in their struggle for freedom. The flag was adopted in 1952 and is a symbol of national pride for Puerto Ricans.

33. The official Colors of Puerto Rico are Red, White, and Blue

The official colors of Puerto Rico are red, white, and blue, representing the colors of the flag of Puerto Rico. Red symbolizes the courage and strength of the Puerto Rican people, while white stands for the victory of their struggle for freedom. Blue represents the sky and the ocean surrounding Puerto Rico.

The colors are often seen at public events and ceremonies and are used to decorate buildings, streets, and other public places.

34. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Largest Solar Energy Plant

The Solar I Plant, located in Puerto Rico, is the world’s largest solar energy plant. It is capable of generating up to 54 megawatts of electricity, enough to power around 30,000 homes.

The plant is composed of over 50,000 solar panels, which are spread across an area of over 400 acres. It is estimated that the plant will produce enough electricity to save Puerto Rico around $2.5 million every year in energy costs.

35. The Official Motto of Puerto Rico is “Joannes Est Nomen Eius”

The official motto of Puerto Rico is “Joannes Est Nomen Eius,” which is Latin for “John Is His Name.” This phrase is believed to be referring to St. John the Baptist, the patron saint of Puerto Rico, who is often depicted in the coat of arms of the island. The motto is also a symbol of faith and resilience, as it expresses the belief that Puerto Rico’s identity and culture will endure despite external forces.

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36. Puerto Rico is the Birthplace of the Pina Colada

Puerto Rico is considered to be the birthplace of the popular drink, Pina Colada. The drink was first created in the 1950s at the Caribe Hilton hotel in San Juan by Ramon “Monchito” Marrero.

Although the exact recipe is a closely guarded secret, the traditional Pina Colada is a mix of light rum, coconut cream, pineapple juice, and ice, all blended. The drink has become an international sensation and is enjoyed by many people around the world.

37. The Island of Puerto Rico is Home to Over 200 Species of Birds

Puerto Rico is a great destination for bird watchers, as it is home to over 200 species of birds. This includes species such as the Puerto Rican Parrot, White-winged Dove, and Brown Booby, among many others.

There are also several endemic species, such as the Puerto Rican Bullfinch, Puerto Rican Emerald, and Puerto Rican Tody. Bird watching is a popular activity in Puerto Rico, as it offers an opportunity to explore the island’s rich biodiversity. Moreover, bird watching can be done at any time of the year, meaning it is a great activity for visitors looking for a break from the beach.

38. The National Drink of Puerto Rico is Rum

Rum is the national drink of Puerto Rico and has been a part of the culture for centuries. The island is known for its production of rum, which is made from sugar cane and aged in oak barrels. Rum is used in many different ways in Puerto Rico, from being mixed into cocktails to being served neat.

It is also an important part of many traditional celebrations, such as Christmas and the Carnival season. The unique flavors and aromas of Puerto Rican rum are an important part of the island’s identity and culture.

39. The Official Dance of Puerto Rico is the Bomba

The Bomba is the official dance of Puerto Rico and is a traditional African-influenced style of music and dance. The dance is characterized by the complex and intricate body and foot movements, as well as rapid hand clapping.

It is seen as an expression of cultural identity and is often performed at festivals, special events, and family gatherings. The dance is also used as a form of social protest, as it is closely tied to the histories of the African diaspora in Puerto Rico.

40. The Traditional Music of Puerto Rico is Called Jibaro

Jibaro is a traditional style of music from Puerto Rico that dates back centuries. It is an acoustic form of music that is played on instruments such as the cuatro (a four-stringed guitar), maracas, and güiro (a percussion instrument).

The lyrics of Jibaro music often tell stories about the rural life and culture of Puerto Rico, and it is a form of music that is still practised, performed, and enjoyed today.

41. The Official Instrument of Puerto Rico is the Cuatro

The cuatro is the official instrument of Puerto Rico. It is a four-stringed guitar that is played with a pick and can be tuned to various musical scales. It has been a part of Puerto Rican culture for centuries and is often used in traditional folk music, as well as modern genres such as salsa and reggaeton. The cuatro has a unique sound that is both lively and melodic, making it a popular choice for both professional and amateur musicians alike.

42. The Official Cookies of Puerto Rico are Called Galletas de Coco

Galletas de coco is a traditional cookie from Puerto Rico that is made with coconut and other ingredients such as flour, butter, eggs, and sugar. They are usually round and have a crunchy texture. They are a popular snack and are often served with coffee or tea in Puerto Rico. They are also served during celebrations such as birthdays and weddings. Galletas de coco is a classic Puerto Rican cookie that is loved by many.

43. The Official Seal of Puerto Rico

The official seal of Puerto Rico is a powerful symbol of the island’s history and culture. The red shield has three white castles, representing the three military fortresses that once stood in San Juan.

The white key in the center symbolizes the island’s strategic importance in the Caribbean and the role Puerto Rico played in the Spanish-American War. The seal is also a reminder of Puerto Rico’s colonial history since it was designed by Spanish authorities in the late 19th century.

44. The Official Coat of Arms of Puerto Rico

The official coat of arms of Puerto Rico consists of a shield with five alternating red and white stripes, and a blue triangle with a single white star in the center. It is meant to symbolize the struggle for freedom and liberty that Puerto Ricans have endured throughout their history.

The five stripes on the shield are also believed to represent the five branches of the Puerto Rican military, while the triangle and star represent Puerto Rico’s unity and identity as a nation. The coat of arms also includes the words “Isla Borinqueña”, which translates to “Island of Puerto Rico”.

45. The Average Temperature in Puerto Rico is 80°F (27°C)

The average temperature in Puerto Rico is quite warm, typically ranging between 75°F (24°C) and 85°F (29°C). It is usually around 80°F (27°C) throughout the year, with a few days here and there that exceed that. The temperature is slightly higher in the summer months and lowers in the winter months, but overall it remains fairly steady and warm.

46. The Island of Puerto Rico is Home to Over 50 Species of Amphibians and Reptiles

Puerto Rico is home to a variety of amphibians and reptiles, including frogs, toads, salamanders, geckos, and iguanas. The island’s tropical climate and diverse terrain provide a variety of habitats to support these species, including mangrove swamps, dry forests, and wetland areas.

Many of the amphibians and reptiles are endemic, meaning they are only found in Puerto Rico. These species play an important role in the island’s ecosystem, helping to control insect and rodent populations. The amphibians and reptiles of Puerto Rico are also popular attractions for tourists who visit the island.

46. Puerto Rico is Home to El Morro, a 16th-Century Fort

El Morro is a 16th-century fort located in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico. It was built to protect the city of San Juan from attack by sea. The fort has five levels, with walls that are up to 45 feet high and 25 feet thick.

It is an iconic symbol of Puerto Rican strength and resilience, and a testament to the Spanish colonial rule of the island. El Morro is a popular tourist destination and is listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places.

48. Puerto Rico is Home to the World’s Largest Cruise Ship Port

The Port of San Juan in Puerto Rico is the largest cruise ship port in the world, providing a gateway to the Caribbean islands for millions of passengers each year. The port offers visitors a wide variety of amenities and attractions, from duty-free shopping to historical sites and excursions. The port also serves as the hub for several international cruise lines, making it a popular destination for travellers from all over the world.

49. The Traditional Cuisine of Puerto Rico is Called Cocina Criolla

Cocina Criolla is the traditional cuisine of Puerto Rico. It is a combination of Spanish, African, and Taino influences, and is known for its flavorful dishes. Some of the traditional dishes include mofongo (fried plantains with pork rinds and garlic), arroz con gandules (rice with pigeon peas), and pasteles (pork-stuffed plantain and yucca pastries). Cocina Criolla is a very popular cuisine, and it is a key part of Puerto Rico’s cultural heritage.

50. Puerto Rico is Home to a Large Number of Bioluminescent Bays

Puerto Rico is home to several bioluminescent bays, including La Parguera, Mosquito Bay, and La Laguna Grande. These bays are filled with microscopic organisms called dinoflagellates which emit light when disturbed, creating a magical nighttime display.

The bioluminescent bays have become a popular tourist attraction and offer a unique experience for visitors to witness the natural phenomenon. The bays are also important for the local ecosystem, providing food for fish, crabs, and other organisms.